基于docker stack部署wordpress

1. Docker Hub上有关于wordpress部署方式的说明，我们使用docker stack方式部署wordpress,为便于部署其它应用，在wordpress前面部署了nginx进行反向代理，docker-compose.yml文件内容如下:

nginx处在frontend和backend网络中
wordpress处在backend网络中
mysql处在backend网络中
nginx的配置文件夹，html目录内容，log文件夹镜像到主机上(文件夹映射会自动在host与container之间同步，文件则不会，所以volumes bind最好用文件夹)
mysql的数据文件夹镜像到主机上
wordpress的完整目录(/var/www/html)镜像到主机上
wordpress安装目录下的wp-content文件夹保存了所有的插件及上传文件，但主程序(.php文件)在上层文件位中，为了以后的主程序升级，我们把整个目录镜像出去备份

version: "3.3"
services:
  nginx:
    image: nginx:1.13.8
    deploy:
      mode: "global"
      labels:
        - "position=frontend"
      resources:
        limits:
          cpus: "0.1"
          memory: 50M
      restart_policy:
        condition: any
    ports:
      - "80:80"
    volumes:
      - type: "bind"
        source: "/etc/nginx/"
        target: "/etc/nginx/"
        read_only: true
      - type: "bind"
        source: "/var/www/html/"
        target: "/usr/share/nginx/html"
        read_only: true
      - type: "bind"
        source: "/var/log/nginx/"
        target: "/var/log/nginx/"
    networks:
      - frontend
      - backend

  mysql5_7:
    image: mysql:5.7
    deploy:
      labels:
        - "position=backend"
      placement:
        constraints:
          - "node.role == manager"
      restart_policy:
        condition: any
    volumes:
      - type: "bind"
        source: "/var/lib/mysql5_7"
        target: "/var/lib/mysql"
    #restart: always
    environment:
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: "**********"
      MYSQL_DATABASE: wordpress
      MYSQL_USER: wordpress
      MYSQL_PASSWORD: "**********"
    networks:
      - backend

  wordpress:
    depends_on:
      - mysql5_7
    image: wordpress:4.9.5-apache
    deploy:
      labels:
        - "position=backend"
      restart_policy:
        condition: any
    volumes:
      - type: "bind"
        source: "/var/lib/wordpress"
        target: "/var/www/html"
    environment:
      WORDPRESS_DB_HOST: mysql5_7:3306
      WORDPRESS_DB_USER: wordpress
      WORDPRESS_DB_PASSWORD: "***************"
    networks:
      - backend

networks:
  frontend:
  backend:

2. nginx中配置转发

nginx.conf内容

http {
    server {
        listen 80;
        location / {
            proxy_pass http://wordpress:80;
            proxy_set_header Host www.blog.org;
            proxy_pass_request_headers on;
        }
    }
}

3. 以stack方式部署, stack名称为web

#docker stack deploy -c docker-compose.yml web

4. 问题解决

wordpress实例在docker container中以www-data用户运行，用户id为33，如下图，在文件上传或插件更新时会提示没有文件夹写权限

通过修改主机上的镜像文件夹owner解决，虽然该用户id在主机上并不存在：

#chown -R 33:33 /var/lib/wordpress/

5. 不提供FTP信息自动完成WordPress更新

WordPress默认更新时需要提供FTP信息远程更新, 通过配置可能设置自动更新：
修改wp-config.php, 添加如下内容:

define('FS_METHOD','direct');

同时确保wordpress根目录的Owner已经修改为33

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